TAKAITACCEN TARIHIN IMAM HUSAIN(AS) DAN UWAN IMAM HASAN(AS); SHUWAGABANNIN SAMARIN AL-JANNAH.
Nasabarsa ta bangaren mahaifiyas: Husain(as) dan Fatimah(as) yar Annabi Muhammad(saw) dan Abdullah(as) da Abdul-mutallib….
Lakabinsa: Sayyidus- Shuhada, Ar-rashid, At-tayib, Al-Wafi, Az-zaki; As-sayyid, As-sa’id, Sibtis Sani, Tabi’u Li Mardhatillah, As-shahidu Bi Karbala, Dalil Ala Zatillah, Imamus Salis….
Alkunyarsa: Abu Abdillah.
Ranar Haihuwarsa: Ranar Alhamis, 3 ga watan Sha’aban. Shekara ta 4 bayan Hijira. 10 January 626 M.
Gurin Haihuwarsa: Garin Madina.
Shekarunsa: 58.
Farkon Imamancinsa: 28 Safar 50 H. 30 March 670 M.
Tsawon shekarun imamancinsa: shekara 10.
Ranar Wafatinsa: Ranar Juma’a, 10 ga watan Muharram, shekarata 61 H.
13 October 680 M.
Dalilin Rasuwarsa: Rudunar sojojin Yazid dan Mu’awiya ne suka taru a kansa suka kashe shi da iyalan gidansa, a ranar Ashura, a Karbala.
Gurin da kabarinsa: Garin Karbala (Iraq).
Matansa: 1. Shahr Banu bint Yazdegerd III (Sarkin tsohowar daular farisa). Ko da yake akwai sabanin masana tarihi akan hakan. Murtada Mutahhari, Ali Shari’ati da wasu masana sun suna gani kacokaf Imam Husain(as) bai auri ‘yar gidan Sarkin Farisa ba. Masana tarihi sun kawo sunayen wasu matan daban a madadin Shahr Banu, kamar Salama, Salafa (daga Sijistan; yakin tsohuwar daular Farisa), Shah-i Zanan, Shahrnaz, Harrar (ko da yake wasu sunce Sadaka ce)… Ko dai menene hakikanin naganar, daya daga cikinsu ce mamar Imam Zainul-Abideen(as), kuma wasu masanan sun ambata ta rasu a wajen haihuwar Imam Zainul-Abideen(as).
2. Rubāb bint Umru’ul Qais (ﺇﻣـﺮﺉ ﺍﻟـﻘـﻴـﺲ ﺍﺑـﻦ ﻋـﺪﻱ ﺑـﻦ ﺃﻭﺱ). Tana da ‘ya’ya 2 da Imam Husain(as): Sukayna da Abdullah. (Ali al-Asghar).
3. Layla bint Abi Murrah bin ‘Urwah bin Mas‘ud al-Thaqafi (Umm Layla). Ita ce mamar Ali al-Akbar(as). Kuma ta halarci Karbala tare da Imam Husain(as).
4. Umm Ishaq bint Talhah (abokin Zubair, mataimakan Ummul-Muminin Aisha a yakin Jamal). (ﻃﻠﺤﺔ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﻴﺪﺍﻟﻠﻪ), Umm Ishaq ita ce tsohuwar matar Imam Hasan(as), ta auri Imam Husain(as) bayan rasuwar Imam Hasan(as), tahaifi ‘ya’ya 3 da Imam Hasan(as): Husain (Athram), Talha da Fatima. Sannan tana da ya daya da Imam Husain(as): Fatima. Umm Ishaq dai masana tarihi son ce kyakkyawa ce, amma bata da hali mai kyau.
Adadin ‘ya’yansa: Akwai sabanin masana akan yawan ‘ya’yan Imam Husain(as) suna 6 – 10, kamar haka: 1. Ali Akbar (Zainul Abidin, ko da yake wasu suna ganin akwai Ali Akbar daban da Zainul-Abideen), 2. Ali Awsat. 3. Ja’afar. 4. Abdullah (Ali Asgar ko Ali Awsat). 5. Sukaina. 6. Fatima. 7. Muhammad (dan Rubab). 8. Ruqayya (wasu sun ce uwarsu daya da Imam Zainul-Abideen(as). 9. Al-Muhsin (ko da yake masana basu ambaci sunan mahaifiyarsa ba, amma ance yana ciki akayi yakin Karbala, kuma anyi barinsa akan haryar zuwa Siriya, kabarinsa na nan a Aleppo).
Zuriyar Imam Husain(as) ta wanzu daga dansa Imam Zainul Abidin(as), saboda an kashe Ali Awsat tare da shi kuma an masa kabarinsa a gefensa. Ja’afar kuwa (wanda wasu masana sukace mahaifiyarsa ita ce Kasa’iyyatu) ya rasu tun mahaifinsa na da rai kuma an masa kabari a Madina. Shi kuwa Abdullahi an kashe shi a hannun mahaifinsa a Karbala yana jariri….
‘Yan uwansa: Imam Husain(as) yana da ‘yan uwa wadanda suka hada Uba da Uwa da kuma wadanda suka hada Uba kadai. Masana tarihi sun yi sabani kan yawan ‘ya’yan Imam Ali(as), amma suna tsakanin 25 ne zuwa 33 a ruwayoyin daban daban. Wasu na cewa, ‘ya’yansa: 36, 18 da cikinsu maza ne 18 kuma mata.
Haihuwa, Matsayi da Dabi’un Imam Husain(as):
A ranar uku ga watan Sha’aban mai albarka na shekara ta hudu bayan hijira aka yi wa Manzon Allah(saw) albishir da haihuwar Husaini(as). Don haka sai ya gaggauta tafiya gidan Ali(as) da Zahara(as), ya ce wa Asma’u bin Umais: “Asma’u kawo min dana.” Sai Asma’u ta kawo wa Manzo(saw) shi dauke a farin zane. Sai Manzo(saw) ya yi murna da ganinsa, ya rungume shi, sannan ya kira sallah a kunnensa na dama, ya kuma yi ikama a na hagu, sannan ya dora shi a cinyarsa sai aka ga yana kuka. Sai Asma’u, cikin mamaki, ta tambaye shi, cewa: “Wa kakewa kuka?” Sai Manzo(saw) yace: “Dan nan nawa.” Sai Asma’u ta ce: “Yanzun nan aka haife shi.” Sai Manzo(saw) ya ce: “Ya Asma’u! wata azzalumar kungiyar karkatacciya ce za ta kashe shi a bayana, Allah ba Zai hada su da cetona ba”. Sannan sai ya ce: “Ya Asma’u! Kar ki fada wa Fatima wannan labari, domin ba ta dade da haihuwarsa ba”.
Sai Manzon Allah(saw) ya sami sako daga Allah(t) game da sunan abin haihuwarsa mai daraja; sai ya waiwayi Ali(as) ya ce: “Ka sa masa suna Husaini”.
Sunan Imam Husain a At-taura(ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺭﺍﺓ) shine; Shabir (ﺷﺒﻴﺮ). A Injila (ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻴﻞ) kuma Taab(ﻃﺎﺏ).
Matsayin Imam Husaini(as):
Hakika Abu Abdullahi al-Husain(as) na da babban matsayi. Bayan ayoyin Alkur’ani da suka ambaci matsayinsa cikin matsayin Ahlulbaiti(as), kamar su Ayar Tsarkakewa (Ayatut-Tat’hir), Ayar Mubahala, Ayar Kauna (Ayatul-Muwadda)… akwai hadisan Annabi(saw) masu yawa da ke nuna girman matsayinsa da daukakar darajarsa. Daga cikin su akwai:
1. Abin da ya zo cikin Sahih al-Tirmizi cewa: Manzon Allah(saw) ya ce: “Husaini daga gare ni yake, ni kuma daga gare shi nake. Allah Ya so wanda ya so Husaini. Husaini jika ne daga cikin jikoki”. (Fadha’ilul-Khamsah, juzu’i na 3, shafi na 262-263).
2. An ruwaito daga Salman al-Farisi, ya ce: na ji Manzon Allah(saw) yana cewa: “Hasan da Husaini ‘ya’yana ne, wanda ya so su ya so ni, wanda kuma ya so ni; Allah zai so shi, wanda kuwa Allah Ya so zai shigar da shi Al-jannah. Kuma wanda ya fusata su ya fusata ni, wanda kuma ya fusata ni Allah zai yi fushi da shi, wanda kuwa Allah Ya yi fushi da shi zai shigar da shi wuta”. (A’alam al-Warah, shafi na 219).
3. An ruwaito daga Ali bin Husain(as) daga babansa, daga kakansa(saw), cewa Manzon Allah(saw) ya kama hannun Hasan(as) da Husain(as) sannan ya ce: “Wanda ya so ni ya kuma so wadannan biyun da babansu da mamansu, zai kasance tare da ni ranar kiyama”. (Sibd Ibn al-Jauzi, cikin Tazkiratu Khawas al-Ummah, babin da ya yi magana a kan ‘Son Manzon Allah da Hasan da Husaini).
Dabi’un Imam Husain(as):
Hakika kasantuwan Imam Hasain(as) ya tashi ne karkashin kulawar kakansa Manzo(saw), babansa Ali(as) da mahaifiyarsa al-Zahara(as), ta sa dabi’unsa na misalta sakon Allah(t) a nazarce, aikace da halayya.
A nan za mu bayar da wasu ‘yan misalai:
1. Shu’aib bin Abdul-Rahman ya ruwaito cewa: “An ga wani tabo a bayan Imam Husain(as) a Karbala; sai aka tambayi Imam Zainul-Abidin(as) game da shi, sai ya amsa da cewa: “Wannan ya samo asali ne daga buhunan abinci da yake dauka a bayansa yana kai wa gidajen matan da mazansu suka mutu da marayu da miskinai “.
2. Ya taba bi ta wajen wasu miskinai alhali suna cin abinci a akushi, sai suka yi masa tayi, sai ya sauka ya ce: “Lallai Allah ba Ya son masu girman kai “, sai ya ci abincin. Sai ya ce musu: “Na amsa muku, to ni ma ku amsa min .” Sai suka amsa, suka tafi tare da shi har zuwa gidansa, sai ya ce wa matarsa: ” Fito da duk abin da kika adana”.
3. An taba ce masa: Me ka fi tsoro daga Ubangi-jinka? Sai ya ce: ” Babu mai amintuwa daga ranar kiyama sai wanda ya ji tsoron Allah a duniya”.
4. A daren goma ga watan Muharram Imam Husain(as) ya bukaci rundunar Umayyawa ‘yan adawa, da su jinkirta masa wannan daren yana mai cewa: ” Don muna so mu yi sallah ga Ubangijinmu da daddare mu kuma nemi gafararSa, domin Shi ya san ni ina son yin sallah gare Shi da tilawar LittafinSa da yawan addu’a da istigfari “….
Don karin bayanai:
1. Da’irat al-ma’arif, j 20. S 664 – 665.
2. Al-Kulayni, Al-Kafi , j 6, s 33 – 34.
3. Al-Shaykh al-Saduq, Ilal al-shara’i, j 1, s 137 – 138.
4. Al-Shaykh al-Tusi, Misbah al-mujtahajjid, s 367.
5. Ibn Shahrashub, Manaqib al Abi Talib, j 3, s 397.
6. Ibn Sa’d, Tabaqat, j 6….
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